The Little King Next Door Chapter 83: fangdao

I. Parts of speech, sentence components and word formation:

1. Parts of speech: There are ten English parts of speech:

Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, numerals, articles, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections.

1. Noun (n.): A name that represents a person, thing, place or abstract concept. Such as: rning, bag, ball, class, orange.

2. Pronouns (pron.): Mainly used to replace nouns. Such as: who, she, you, it.

3, adjective (adj..): Indicates the nature or characteristic of a person or thing. Such as: ,orange.

4. Numerals (num.): Indicates the order of numbers or things. Such as: d, third, fourth.

5. Verb (v.): Expressing action or state. Such as:.

6. Adverb (adv.): Modifies verbs, adjectives or other adverbs to describe time, place, degree, etc. Such as: ly, slowly.

7. Articles (art..): used before nouns to help explain nouns. Such as: a,an,the.

8. Preposition (prep.): Indicates the relationship between the noun or pronoun following it and other sentence components. Such as, above, behind.

9, conjunction (conj.): used to connect words, phrases or sentences. Such as and, but, before.

10. Interjections (interj..) express emotions such as joy, anger, sadness, and joy. Such as: oh, well, hi, hello.

2. Sentence components: English sentence components are divided into seven types: subject, predicate, object, attributive, adverbial, predicate, and object complement.

1. The subject is the person or thing the sentence is about to say, and the answer is "who" or "what". Usually served with a noun or pronoun. Such as: i'.(I am Miss Green)

2. The predicate verb describes the action or state of the subject, answering "do (what)". Mainly by verbs. Such as: everyday.(Jack cleans the room every day)

3. After the linking verb, the predicate indicates the identity or characteristics of the subject, and the answer is "what" or "how". Usually by nouns, pronouns or adjectives. Such as: ispingping.(My name is Pingping)

4. The object expresses the object or result of the transitive verb, and the answer is "what". Usually by a noun or pronoun. Such as: hecanspelltheword. (he can spell the word)

Some transitive verbs have two objects, one for the object and one for the person. Those that refer to things are called direct objects, and those that refer to people are called indirect objects. Indirect objects are generally placed before direct objects. Such as: r.(he wrote me a letter)

Sometimes the preposition to or for can be added before the indirect object to form a phrase and placed after the direct object to emphasize the indirect object. Such as: me. (he wrote me a letter)

5. Attributives modify nouns or pronouns, usually by adjectives, pronouns, numerals, etc. For example:

shanghaiisabigcity.(Shanghai is a big city)

6. Adverbs are used to modify verbs, adjectives and adverbs, usually adverbs. Such as: heworkshard.(he works hard)

7. Object complements are used to explain how or what the object does, usually by adjectives or verbs. Such as: clean.(They usually keep the classroom clean)/s.(He often helps me with my homework)/hallbymyself.(The teacher wants me to learn French by myself)

☆The apposition usually follows the noun and pronoun to further explain its situation. Such as: tom (where is your classmate Tom?)

3. Word formation: English word formation mainly includes: synthesis, derivation and conversion.

1. Synthesis method: such as: ball, playground, etc.

2. Derivation method:

(1) Derivative nouns: 1 verb er/or2 verb ing3 verb (t) ion4 adjective ness5 others, such as: wledge

(2) Derived adjectives: 1 noun y2 noun ful3 verb ing/se; h9german10 country name (i)an such as: y, hopresting, follwing, daily (daily), nervous, delicious

(3) Derivative adverbs: 1 adjective ly2 others, such as: slowly, angrily, full→d→well, possible→possibly and so on.

3. Conversion method:

(1) Adjective → verb, such as: dry (dry) → dry (dry), clean (clean) → clean (clean, clean), etc.

(2) verb → noun, such as: look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk, etc.

(3) noun → verb, such as: hand (hand) → (pass) (face) → (face) and so on.

(4) Adjective→adverb, such as: early→early, fast→fast, etc.

(5) Adverb → conjunction, such as: when (when) → (when...when), etc.

(6) Prepositions → adverbs, such as: in (to ...) → (inside; at home), on (on ...) → (to carry on, to continue), and so on.

Second, noun:

1. English nouns can be divided into two categories: proper nouns and common nouns:

1. Proper nouns are the special names of individual people, places, things, groups, institutions, etc.

The first letter of the content word in proper nouns should be capitalized.

Example: ple's republicofchina(People's Republic of China)

If a proper noun is a phrase containing a common noun, the definite article the must be used. Such as: thegreatwall (Great Wall)

If the surname is in plural form, it means the family with the surname (plural meaning), such as: s (the Green family).

2. Common nouns are common names for many people or things. Such as: p.

Common nouns are divided into countable nouns and uncountable nouns.

▲Countable nouns are nouns that can be counted with simple numerals, such as: box, child, orange;

▲Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot be counted with simple numerals. Such as:.

2. The singular and plural of English countable nouns: English countable nouns have two forms, singular and plural.

1. The basic method of changing a noun from singular to plural is as follows:

1 Add s to the end of singular nouns. Such as: map→maps, boy→boys, horse→horses, table→tables.

2s, o, x, sh, ch end with es. For example: class→classes, box→boxes, hero→s, dish→h→benches.

[Note]: For a few words ending in o, only add s when changing the plural. Such as: →→s.

3 For nouns ending in consonants plus y, change y to i and add es. Such as: families, city→cities, party→parties.

4 For nouns ending in f or fe, change f or fe to v, and add es. Such as: shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.

2. Irregular changes: man→an→p→h→teeth,fish→fish,child→,ox→se→geese

Uncountable nouns generally do not have a plural form. When describing their quantity, use the relevant measurement nouns. Such as:→ofpaper→leofmilk→lesofmilk.

3. Possessive noun:

1. Possessive nouns indicate ownership, equivalent to possessive pronouns, used as attributives, objects or subjects in sentences. Its composition is as follows:

(1) Nouns denoting people or other living things often add 's to the end of the word. Such as: childern'sday (children's day) r'k (my sister's book)

(2) Plural nouns ending in s or es. Just add ' at the end of the word. Such as: teachers'day (Teachers' Day)

(3) For some inanimate nouns such as time, distance, world, country, town, etc., 's can also be added at the end of the word. For example:

today'snewspaper(today's newspaper)s'break(10-minute break),

china'(China's population).

(4) The preposition of phrases can generally be used to express all relationships, no matter the nouns expressing animate or inanimate things. For example:

roftheparty(the good daughter of the party).

2. [Note]: 1's can also represent someone's home or a shop, such as: 's (my aunt's house) r's (clinic)

2 When two people share something, they can use the form of aandb's, such as: lucyandlily' (the bedroom that Lucy and Lili share)

3 "of noun possessive/noun possessive pronoun", called double possessive, such as: dofmyfather's (a friend of my father) (a friend of mine)

4. Consistency of singular and plural between nouns or pronouns as subjects and predicates:

1. The predicate and the predicate are basically consistent with singular and plural, that is: when the subject is a singular or uncountable noun, the predicate verb is in the singular form: such as: ion. (computer is an amazing invention) rild. (glass The water in the glass is cold)

2. When a collective noun (such as l, etc.) is used as the subject of a sentence,

1 If it represents the overall concept, use the singular form of the predicate, such as: dclass. (Three classes are good classes)

2 If it means all the members, the predicate is in plural form, such as: haveaa.(three

The class has a map of China)

3, ple, etc. indicate a single predicate with a singular number, and when it indicates a lot, use a plural predicate. Such as: pintheyard.(there is a sheep in the yard)/pintheyard.(there are some sheep in the yard)