Greetings, Mister Principal: Electron double-slit interference experiment (Part 2)

It only takes a genius one second to remember the address of this website: (Vertex Chinese), the fastest update! No ads!? As Reiner turned on, there was a buzzing sound in the electronic generation circle, and under Reiner's In places that cannot be captured by the naked eye, indescribable interactions occur between atoms. The invisible force tears apart the atoms, but cannot shake the rock-solid atomic structure. Only the electrons on the outside of the atoms are bumped by the rising and falling tide. , eventually breaking away from the bonds of atoms and becoming free electrons.

As soon as the electron escaped from the restraint, it felt an inexplicable gravitational force, causing it to move in one direction. Among them, the speed of the electron was unconsciously controlled. It rushed out of the magic circle, but was immediately faced with it again. Made a double seam.

This double slit was just right for the electron. It hesitated as to which slit to pass through, but its own speed did not allow it to think too much and passed through the double slit at a relatively high speed. The seam finally fell on the receiving screen and became a small point of light.

There are many, many more electrons like this. They fly out one by one, pass through the double slits, and come to the receiving screen.

According to the existing magic theory, these electrons will appear at random landing points on the receiving screen, because each electron randomly passes through one of the gaps between the double slits, and individual particles cannot interfere. Phenomenally speaking, even if the electron has wave-particle duality, when it passes through the gap, it should produce diffraction fringes, not interference fringes that require a plurality of particles.

However, as Reiner's experiment progressed, interference fringes suddenly appeared on the receiving screen!

He repeated the experiment several more times, ensuring that only one electron passed through the double slit each time, but still obtained clear interference fringes.

This cannot be explained by current theories.

First of all, the current magic theory is a theory of cause and effect, that is, the phenomenon must have a cause, and the result will not appear until the cause is produced. Simply put, if the electron appears interference fringes, it means that it is passing through The interference phenomenon has already occurred at the moment the double slits are opened, but a single particle obviously will not produce such a situation, which is contrary to the status quo.

It is as if each electron has realized that it will pass through the double slits in turn and knows the landing point of the previous particle, so that interference fringes will be formed. This is obviously incredible.

"Or..."

Reiner came up with a hypothesis.

That is, before the electron comes into contact with the double slits, it still has the characteristics of a particle. When it encounters the double slits, it becomes a wave. According to the interference rules of waves, the electrons that become waves pass through the double slits. , it interfered with itself, but at the moment it came into contact with the receiving screen, it became a converging particle again and became a point.

This assumption is extremely beyond common sense, but it also implies an even more amazing explanation.

Leiner thought, if there is no receiving screen, will the electrons showing wave properties when passing through the double slits always exist in the form of waves? Does the existence of the receiving screen change the properties of the electrons?

If the electron really becomes an independent wave when passing through the double slit, causing a self-interference phenomenon, and returns to the particle state when it encounters the receiving screen, it means that the existence of the accepting screen makes the electron The nature has changed.

This means that the observation will have an impact on the target particles.

Beside Reiner, a quill pen is constantly writing his experimental conclusions and speculations. Although humans cannot directly observe changes in the microscopic world, they can rely on imagination to explore. Reiner is now using human wisdom to Try the laws of the unknown world.

After completing this experiment, Reiner did not end his work this time. He recorded some more conjectures.

This is a hypothetical experiment, because in the electron double-slit interference experiment, the process in which the electrons interfere after they come out of the generating array until they pass through the double slits and reach the receiving screen is, with current methods, Hard to observe.

So, Reiner thought of using the third type of rays, which are electromagnetic waves with extremely short wavelengths, to measure electrons. In theory, this can be done.

Now that measurements have been made, it is necessary to determine the speed and trajectory of the electrons, but soon Reiner discovered a problem.

Obviously, for the third type of ray, the shorter the wavelength, the higher the measurement accuracy, and the more accurately the position of the electron can be measured.

But at the same time, according to Stein's formula and wave theory, the shorter the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, the higher its frequency, and the higher the energy. The behavior of detecting electron trajectories through the third type of rays will cause electromagnetic waves to interact with electrons. A certain collision occurs, which increases the electron's momentum.

This phenomenon also occurs when using optical phenomena, such as a microscope, to measure a particle. ~IndoMTL.com~ The principle of optical measurement of particles is that when light shines on the particles, part of the light will be scattered by the particles, thereby determining the position of the particles. Mages cannot determine the position of the particles to the two peaks of the light. The distance between them is smaller. Therefore, the shorter the wavelength of light, the shorter the interval at which it is scattered, and the more accurate the determination of the particle position.

But similarly, due to the energy discontinuity theory of Stein's formula, the smallest unit of light is a photon, which cannot be smaller than a photon. Therefore, there are limits to measuring the position of particles.

At the same time, at this scale, the particle nature of light quanta will be extremely significant, which will have a great impact on the particles, thereby changing the momentum of the particles.

To put it simply, if you want to accurately measure the momentum of a particle, you must use a wave with a longer wavelength. However, a wave with a longer wavelength cannot accurately measure the position of the particle. On the contrary, a wave with a shorter wavelength can measure it relatively accurately. The position of the particle will affect the momentum of the particle.

This means that mages cannot accurately measure the momentum and position of a particle at the same time.

This is the Iain Gray Uncertainty Principle proposed by Lehner.

Reiner did not just leave these experiments at the hypothetical stage, but conducted a series of calculations. Finally, he found that the uncertainty of the particle position must be greater than or equal to Stein's constant divided by 4π, which means It is determined by the energy discontinuity theory.

Based on the experimental results of the Ingles uncertainty principle and the electron double-slit interference experiment, Reiner made a bold hypothesis and proposed a new concept.

That is, microscopic particles, including electrons, are not themselves specific particles, but an electron cloud showing a probability distribution. Through observation, this probability cloud will collapse, thus reflecting the various characteristics of the particles.

This is Reiner's explanation for this series of experimental phenomena.