Greetings, Mister Principal: Neutrons and protons

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"Reiner, is there a way to prove your hypothesis?"

Reinhardt's problem is also what other high-level mages are concerned about. According to Reiner's nuclear structure model, the nucleus has most of the mass of an atom and all the positive charges, but this cannot explain why Different elements have different nuclear charges and elemental masses. There are some theories that the nuclei of these elements are unique, but the mages believe that the elements should not be so complicated, but should be more simple and basic.

What's more, radioactive phenomena and elemental decay are also contrary to the assumption that elements have unique atomic nuclei, so several mages are looking forward to how Reiner will explain them.

"This is exactly what I've been studying."

Reiner said, he stood up, saluted to several other mages, then raised his hand, and a ball of light appeared in his palm.

David squinted his eyes slightly, and then he saw that the light group was not a condensation of magic power, but a cluster of magic circles intertwined with countless complex magic circles. The size of it, according to David's visual inspection, At least it is the scale of the most advanced spell above the eighth level!

And Reiner only has seven rings.

"This is an auxiliary calculation array designed by me to calculate some relatively complex situations."

As Reiner spoke, a projection appeared in the light group, showing a three-dimensional atomic model.

"First, let's look at the basic atomic model. In it, the nucleus and electrons are two types of microscopic particles that are clearly distinguished. We temporarily exclude the electrons and focus on the nucleus. Now we know, The nuclei of different elements have different nuclear charges and masses, and under certain specific conditions, some elements will release a ray composed of the same particles as the nuclei of the Helios elements. At the same time, the elements themselves will gradually Transformed into other elements with smaller relative mass, this process is called decay."

The atomic model in mid-air began to differentiate, and a particle was separated from it.

“From this radioactive phenomenon, we can put forward a conjecture, that is, the atomic nucleus is not the tiniest particle, but can continue to be divided.”

Hearing Reiner's words, Master Hohenheim nodded slightly. He had only been exposed to the theory of microscopic particles for a few weeks, but he could almost understand Reiner's ideas immediately.

"According to current knowledge, the nuclear charge of the nucleus of the Hydra element is 1, and the relative element mass is 1. If we treat it as a basic particle, then we can assume that among the particles that make up the nucleus, there is This particle carries one unit of positive charge and the relative element mass is 1. At the same time, according to the property that the Helios element carries two units of positive charge and the relative element mass is 4, we can infer that the Helios element has Two nuclei of Hydra elements, and another uncharged particle."

Reiner's explanation is very detailed, but it is not difficult to understand.

"Naturally, we can guess that if the mass of the uncharged particles is the same as the nucleus of the Hydra element, then there will be two such particles in the nucleus of the Helios element. It can also be obtained by studying the isotopes of the elements."

David nodded slightly. Reiner's logic was rigorous and he couldn't find any obvious mistakes.

"I named the positively charged particle proton, and the uncharged particle neutron. The atomic nucleus is actually a combination of neutrons and protons."

Reinhard's words made Reinhardt subconsciously lean forward, because this conjecture had penetrated deep into the atomic nucleus, which was a microscopic realm that mages could not touch.

This conjecture of Reiner is actually one of the two conjectures that were not written into the paper when Reiner first proposed the atomic nucleus model. The other conjecture is that the electron arrangement inside the element is not average, but there may be certain patterns. Or trajectory, this conjecture has been verified at the High Council of Rainbow Tower.

The conjecture of protons and neutrons was limited by the level of magic. At that time, Reiner could not verify it through experiments, but now that Reiner has the corresponding magic strength, he naturally brought it up.

"Protons and neutrons, a very interesting idea."

Mr. Alberton nodded slightly. He touched his chin and thought about Reiner's words.

If protons and neutrons really exist, then mages will face a huge problem, which is why neutrons and protons can be tightly combined in small atomic nuclei.

Leaving aside the uncharged neutrons, if the protons really have a positive charge, then according to the current theory, it is impossible to reach such a distance between two protons.

You must know that compared to the gravitational force brought by the mass of two protons, the electromagnetic force between them is much greater.

"If this idea is true, then we indeed need to find a stronger force that can bring two or more protons together in the nucleus without collapsing."

David said that the emergence of a problem is always accompanied by more problems.

"First of all, we assume that this force does exist, then we can infer some properties of this force based on what is currently known."

Reiner saw that the other lords had no objections, so he continued.

"First, the intensity of this force is very large. At the scale of an atomic nucleus, it far exceeds the intensity of the electromagnetic force. Otherwise, it would be impossible to overcome the electromagnetic force existing between protons and combine them into an atomic nucleus; second, this The action distance of this force should be quite short, or the attenuation with distance is extremely serious, otherwise, different atomic nuclei will be affected by this force and combined together ~IndoMTL.com~ unable to form a variety of elements."

Under this assumption, mages can easily imagine that the effect of this force makes the protons in the nucleus of the atom tightly combined. At the same time, at a certain distance, the attenuated force forms a balance with the electromagnetic force and gravity. , so that the distance between atomic nuclei is maintained at a fixed distance.

And if a special method can be used to eliminate the electromagnetic force between atomic nuclei, the atomic nuclei can be brought together more closely, forming a dense material like black pillars seen in the ruins.

The prerequisites for all of this are interlocking, and the biggest prerequisite is that the atomic nucleus is indeed divided into charged protons and uncharged neutrons.

"So, Reiner, how do you find individual neutrons?"

According to Reiner's hypothesis, the proton is the nucleus of the Hydra element, while the neutron is uncharged and has only mass, making it difficult to collect it with an electric field. Everyone looked at Reiner, looking forward to his plan.

"Use rays, gentlemen, I need extremely high-energy rays."

Reiner looked around and answered.