Greetings, Mister Principal: Photoelectric effect

The photoelectric effect refers to a special and interesting phenomenon discovered by Mr. Ludwig Stein a few years ago. When light shines on a metal sheet, a subtle electric current will be generated on the metal sheet. At first In the explanation, the mages believe that light has energy, and this energy is transferred to the metal sheet through irradiation, thus causing the generation of electric current. ｛щww{suimеng][lā}

But Mr. Stein discovered in the experiment that the current generated by the light shining on the metal sheet does not change with the change of the light intensity. This is contrary to the wave theory of light, because as we all know, if light is a Wave, then the stronger the light intensity, the more energy it will naturally have, which will lead to a stronger current, but the experimental phenomenon goes against this.

At the same time, according to the wave theory of light, if the intensity of the incident light is weak, it will take longer to accumulate enough energy to fly out of the metal surface. However, the actual situation is that as long as the light can generate current, Then no matter how strong or weak the electric current is, it will be generated immediately. This is another contradiction with the wave theory of light.

After irradiating metal sheets with different types of light, Mr. Stein discovered that different types of light caused different current intensities. From this, he explained that light is composed of particles, and different types of light are composed of different Composed of particles, these particles carry different energies, so different currents are generated.

Since then, Mr. Stein has become a staunch supporter of the particle theory of light. The debate on the nature of light continues to this day, and there is still no conclusion.

Leiner is going to repeat this experiment today.

However, with the memory of the earth, he naturally has some direction.

In the laboratory, Reiner had arranged the experimental equipment in advance, the most important of which were several light-generating arrays.

These light-generating arrays can generate light with stable colors within a certain range. They are usually used for stage effects and are rarely used for magic experiments.

Reiner has checked these light-generating arrays. They are actually able to produce light with stable frequencies. Reiner set them up in a dark room and used them as a light source for photoelectric effect experiments.

There are also several types of metal sheets available for use in control experiments.

The entire experiment was conducted in a vacuum darkroom. The specially treated metal sheet will not be oxidized and cause current errors. At the same time, in addition to the metal sheet, there is a thin plate with a variable voltage. The electrons will By moving between two thin plates and applying a voltage to them, the electrons ejected by the photoelectric effect can slow down from the beginning. If the speed of the electrons is exactly zero when they arrive at the thin plates, then according to Newington- Holland's equation, which uses the applied voltage to calculate the energy carried by an electron when it is ejected.

This voltage Lehner calls it the arresting voltage.

By studying the frequency of irradiating light and the energy of generated electrons, we can try to establish a set of curves to verify Mr. Stein's energy discontinuity theory.

Reiner used the hands of a mage to operate the experiment while recording the data. He conducted several sets of controlled experiments on metal sheets of different materials and the same light, as well as different lights and the same material. A morning passed. He had only completed about a quarter of the experiment.

After having some lunch in the cafeteria, Reiner returned to the laboratory to continue. It was not until late at night that he finally measured all the experimental data.

After hurriedly sorting out the experimental records, Reiner returned to the office. It was already midnight, and the next day was a rest day. The lights in the student dormitory were not turned off, and a few rays of light could still be seen.

The dim campus was silent. Reiner sat at his desk. Papers recording experimental data floated up, allowing Reiner to quickly calculate.

According to Mr. Stein's theory of explaining black body radiation, quantum energy is discontinuous, and its value is an integer multiple of the product of Stein's constant and the quantum vibration frequency. Reiner assumed that light is also a kind of quantum, named is a light quantum, and the energy carried by light is the product of the frequency of light and Stein's constant.

At the same time, the voltage applied on the thin plate to make the ejected electron speed become zero and the calculated energy are compared with the calculation results of Stein's formula to draw a curve to verify the value of Stein's constant.

Leiner selected six types of light with different frequencies, measured their photocurrents at different voltages, and then drew a curve image between voltage and photocurrent, and then obtained the light irradiation of a certain frequency from the image Lower the arresting voltage of the metal sheet under test.

So, the six frequencies correspond to six different blocking voltages. Once again, use this as the coordinates to make an image, which happens to be a beautiful straight line!

This means that the energy of a photon is linearly related to the frequency of light, and by calculating the **** of the straight line, the value of Stein's constant can be obtained very accurately.

This means that the energy carried by light quantum is indeed not continuous, but discrete.

Your Excellency Stein’s energy discontinuity theory has been proven!

Reiner felt something throbbing in his heart, which was a sign of feedback from the world. However, he did not rush into a meditative state, but continued to write rapidly.

"Light is composed of photons. The energy of each quantum that makes up the light beam is equal to the vibration frequency of the photon multiplied by the Stein constant. If the frequency of the photon is greater than a certain limit frequency, then the photon has enough energy. To cause an electron to escape, causing the photoelectric effect."

"This is the principle explanation of the photoelectric effect. It can be seen that in the photoelectric effect, light exhibits obvious particle nature."

"Light is also a particle."

Putting down the pen, Reiner took a deep breath.

Buzz——

In an instant, Reiner felt a surging tide rushing towards him.

He seemed to be standing on a cliff by the sea, with huge waves rising from the boundless ocean in front of him.

In the cloudy sky, thunder and lightning snake like snakes, flickering on and off thousands of times in the blink of an eye.

Facing this storm~IndoMTL.com~ Reiner closed his eyes slightly, moved forward, took a step forward, and stepped into the void.

He did not fall into the sea, but stood firmly in the air. The surrounding rough waves tried to destroy him, and the thunder crashed, trying to knock him down.

But Reiner was not defeated by these dangers, but slowly opened his eyes.

Buzz——

Taking this as an opportunity, a ripple spread, and wherever the ripple touched, everything became quiet.

In the hazy sky, a beam of light fell.

The light shone on Reiner, warm and dazzling, and a trace of lightning appeared next to Reiner.

The thunder gradually became stronger and turned into a giant dragon, circling around Reiner.

Raising his hand, the thunder suddenly disappeared. At the same time, the world in Reiner's field of vision began to change.

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