Hunter of the Forbidden Region Chapter 722: The origin of life
At noon this day, the No.1 Canteen in Kunlun Park.
According to the planning of the park, there are five canteens in the entire Kunlun Park, but so far there are not many staff in the park, and only the No. 1 canteen has been opened.
The master of Canteen No. 1 is Zhou Lingshi, and his wife Wang Jinhua helped him.
With Zhou Lingshi in charge, the food level is naturally very good. For dean-level tasks like Cao Yusheng and Yang Tuo, in addition to the normal work package, Zhou Lingshi would also add two dishes to them and let Wang Jinhua bring them into the box.
This box is relatively off-site, and the soundproofing is also good. Cao Yusheng and Yang Tuo are used to eating here. They can communicate with each other at noon and share the front line and progress.
At noon today, there are more people at this table than usual, including Miao Guangqi and He Zihong.
In this way, four of them were present in the seven-member decision-making group of the Kunlun Project.
Among these four, Cao Yusheng, as one of the deputy team leaders, is responsible for coordinating rear work.
The old master is naturally aware of the lair, and is also waiting for the research results of the research institute.
At this moment, seeing the state of the three of them, he knew it faintly.
The two older ones, the younger one, are a little blue, and their eyes are bloodshot. It looks like they stayed up all night last night.
And the lack of joy on his face indicates that the progress is slow, and there is no result for the time being.
So Cao Yusheng was a little strange, and said to Miao Guangqi: "There are still things in this world that can hold you up?"
Miao Guangqi rolled his eyes: "Nonsense, if there is nothing in this world, it would be hard to stop me, Lin Shuo should be my son now."
"That's wrong with you." Cao Yusheng smiled slightly, "Wife may be someone else's good, son must be his own, Miao Chengyun is not bad."
"Okay, I'm not in the mood to laugh with you now." Miao Guangqi's face was a little impatient, and then said to Yang Tuo, "Xiao Yang, do you have any ideas?"
Yang Tuomeng headed for rice and turned a deaf ear to Miao Guangqi's questions.
Miao Guangqi looked distraught, and then glanced at He Zihong.
He Zihong hurriedly said: "This child is just like that when he is focused. He doesn't care much about people. It will be fine when there is a result."
"It looks like it will take a while." Miao Guangqi shook his head.
"It's not Lao Miao, listen to what you mean..." Cao Yusheng frowned, "I don't have a clue?"
"You can't tell a layman." Miao Guangqi said with a look of disgust, "Scientific research, first of all, is to discover the objective laws of things.
It is absolutely rational and requires absolute objectivity.
It's not that we want to get what we want, just go and get what we want.
But the other way around, we found out what we found in it, and then we thought about how to apply it.
Of course it is not pure luck, there will be assumptions in advance.
This assumption is often a self-consistent mathematical model, or observational data over the years, which is used as a theoretical guide for experiments.
In the course of the experiment, these theories may be overturned, which requires scientists to find new laws and verify them through experiments..."
"It's boring." Cao Yusheng waved his hand impatiently, "Speaking of people, where are you stuck right now?"
"Isn't this stuck in the past theory being overthrown, and the new law hasn't been found yet." Miao Guangqi spread his hands.
"No, your biological research is not physical research. Where is the mathematical model?" Cao Yusheng said, "Isn't it all hypotheses? It's not normal for the hypothesis to be overturned. You can put forward a new hypothesis."
"The hypothesis is also a summary of the laws based on experimental observations, and the basic logic is self-consistent." Miao Guangqi said, "The current establishment of our human biology is based on the evolution of our branch of biology. The research found that our branch of evolution has been going up for billions of years, and the ancestor is called'Luka'. Have you heard of it?"
Cao Yusheng shook his head, and then said: "I know'Lucy'."
"Lucina is an ancient human from East Africa, the ancestor of humans." Miao Guangqi said, "I meant'Luca', this is a kind of rock cell."
"Rock Cell?"
"Yes, there are many hypotheses about the origin of life, but in my opinion, the most reasonable one is the seabed black chimney." Miao Guangqi said, "In the middle of the Pacific Ocean near the Galapagos Islands, the seabed There is a rift valley, and there is this kind of black chimney at the bottom of the rift valley.
The so-called black chimney is actually a volcanic crater on the sea floor.
The billowing black smoke rising from the black chimney is the scene formed by the sulfide inside the volcano being squeezed into the high-pressure seawater.
Unlike the ecosystem on the ground that is powered by sunlight, this is an ecosystem that is powered purely by geothermal energy.
Those sulfides are the nutrients for surrounding life.
The substance erupted by the submarine volcano was cooled by the high-pressure seawater and instantly solidified into a loose substance, which was filled with small cavities less than 100 microns in diameter.
This pore size is roughly equivalent to a cell.
Based on the above observations, there is a hypothesis of the biological origin of the seabed black chimney.
More than four billion years ago, the earth was still a vast ocean, and there were countless such black chimneys under the sea.
Some volcanic eruptions are strongly alkaline, and seawater is often acidic.
Between acid and alkali, there is a layer of rock that can slowly penetrate materials, which allows the energy brought by the acid-base neutralization reaction to be released in an orderly manner.
This delicate chemical energy has spawned organic matter in the small cavities of the chimney stone walls.
In the long years and hundreds of millions of rock cell environments, RNA and DNA were synthesized successively, began to self-replicate and spread, and our ancestor "Luca" was born.
Until now, the energy form that the core chemical reaction of our human metabolism relies on is this delicate acid-base neutralization reaction.
This is the bottom configuration of our evolution branch, and it was decided when the ancestors were still rock cells.
It is also the upper limit of the energy that we humans can use. The chemical energy brought about by the acid-base neutralization reaction, the so-called end of human power, this is the ultimate shackle. "
"Hey, this is the first time I heard." Cao Yusheng shook his head, "Then what then? What is the problem you are facing now?"
Miao Guangqi ignored Cao Yusheng and continued on his own words: "After Luka was born, two offspring were born.
One of them is called Archaea, and the other is called Eubacteria.
Fatty Cao, guess what, which of these two is our ancestor? "
"This sounds strange." Cao Yusheng said helplessly. "The biggest problem with evolution is that it doesn't matter if the ancestors of humans were monkeys. When it comes to the ancestors, they simply turned into bacteria. I can’t stand it emotionally."
"Why look down on bacteria?" Miao Guangqi said, "Before your parents gave birth to you, one half of your two parts were with your dad and the other half were with your mother, and the size was not much larger than the bacteria. "
"Hey." Cao Yusheng shook his hand, "Anyway, listen to the name, archaea, there is an'ancient' word, that means the old almanac, it can be ruled out, we should be the offspring of true bacteria?"
"Yes." Miao Guangqi said, "Do you know the difference between archaea and true bacteria?"
"I know where to go." Cao Yusheng shook his head.
Miao Guangqi picked up the chopsticks and said to He Zihong: "The food is cold, I will eat first, so why do you continue?"
"Okay." He Zihong has almost eaten here, and took over the topic of Miao Guangqi. "The difference between archaea and eubacteria lies in the different molecular forms that use light energy.
After leaving the seabed black chimney environment, there is still a lot of material in the entire ocean, which provides the material basis for the continuous evolution of ancient single-celled organisms.
However, the gentle energy supply of the ocean floor before is no longer available. This requires life to find and use new energy sources, otherwise it will only be trapped in the ocean floor forever.
The reason why archaea can surface is because it synthesizes a kind of molecular structure called ‘retinal’.
This kind of molecular structure can use the light energy of the sun to maintain the alkalescence in the cell, thereby maintaining a certain acid-base difference between the inside and outside of the cell membrane, and then generating an acid-base neutralization reaction to provide energy for cell activities.
The eubacteria are similar. They synthesize a molecular structure called ‘porphyrin’ and can achieve similar effects.
But of course there is a difference between the two, otherwise it would be a family.
Compared to true bacteria, archaea came to the surface first.
In the sunlight spectrum, green light has the most energy, so the archaeal ‘retinal’ absorbs green light.
By the time the eubacteria surfaced on the surface, the earth was full of blankets of archaea.
Under the thick blanket of archaeal bacteria, in order to obtain the energy of sunlight, eubacteria have to absorb the residual light energy except green light.
If you don't absorb green light, then reflect green light.
So, when we look at the descendants of true bacteria, most of the plants are green.
The green plants we currently see are not the magical craftsmanship of nature, but the result of evolutionary competition. "
When Cao Yusheng heard this, he sucked a toothbrush, thinking that he really couldn't chat with scholars. This is a piece of nonsense about the doctor buying a donkey. He hurriedly asked: "Then what is the problem you are encountering now? "
"The problem we encountered is..." Miao Guangqi said, "Fat man, what color is that nest?"
"The purple one."
"What color are the stones in the site of Queen Mother of the West?"
"It's still purple."
"Then let me tell you that, more than a billion years ago, archaea that used'retinal' to synthesize light energy, they absorbed green light and reflected purple light, so they looked purple." Miao Guangqi knocked. The table, "We have reason to think that Queen Mother of the West, including those around it, are descendants of archaea.
This is something that we separated from us billions or even billions of years ago, and it spread all over the world earlier than us.
Before the rise of true bacteria, they had an evolutionary first-mover advantage of hundreds of millions or even billions of years.
The existence of Queen Mother of the West has already clearly told us that in this long period of evolution, the descendants of archaea have also given birth to intelligent life.
And the scale of energy that this intelligent life can manipulate~IndoMTL.com~ is higher than that of current human beings.
Therefore, all the biological knowledge and experience that we build on the evolutionary branch of eubacteria are used to study the descendants of archaea, that is, to seek fish from the tree.
If you want to understand them, or even crack them, this must be a huge project.
It is impossible for Lin Shuo to have results within a few days. "
"Then what are you still doing?" Cao Yusheng said, "Just reply to Lin Shuo directly, and think of another way."
"I'm different from you, I want a face." Miao Guangqi rolled his eyes, "You are now the deputy leader of the decision-making group, and you are coordinating the rear, you go and reply."
"Miao Guangqi, I look down on you!" Cao Yusheng cursed, then took out the phone.
"Wait first." Yang Tuo said at this time, "I seem to have some ideas."
……
Please remember the domain name of the book’s first publication:. 4Fiction Network Mobile Edition Reading URL: