Mediterranean Hegemon of Ancient Greece Chapter 3: The Corinthian War

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As the Spartan hero who defeated Athens, Lysander used to foster a puppet regime loyal to Sparta from all the sea allies in Athens. Now he came to Asia Minor, and the powers of these city-states rushed to visit him, follow him around, and make various requests to him, making it as if he was the real king, and Agsilius was just a follower.

But soon, Lysander tasted the power of Agsilius. Any request he made to Agsilius, even if it was reasonable, was rejected by the Spartan king. Even Agsilius secretly sent people out to propagate: Lysander is just an ordinary member of the "30-member military committee" in Sparta, without any power.

As a result, Lysander's promise to these people was ultimately unable to fulfill, and the leaders of these city-states realized that the situation had changed and turned to please Agsilius.

The alienation of Agsilius from Lysander made Lysander start to feel uneasy, and he finally realized that he was blind at first, and this new king was by no means a mediocre person.

At this moment, Lysander is no longer the glorious Spartan hero a few years ago. The failure of plotting to overthrow the Spartan system and the guard against him by others in the Council of Elders made him have long been deprived of the real power he had, and finally He had to take the initiative to propose to Agsilius: He was willing to go to the Hellespong Strait and win over the city-states that had previously attached to Persia.

Agsilius agreed to his request.

After rectifying the ambitious Lysander, Agsilius began to show his military talents. His troops were more flexible than De Kiridas, and he returned between the territories of the two Persian governors of Tisafunis and Fanabazos, leaving the Persian army at a loss. In the spring of 395 BC, Sardis Tisafonis' army was severely damaged in World War I.

Due to this fiasco, Palusatis, the queen of Persian King Artaxerxes, finally seized the opportunity and asked her son to remove Tisafonis from his post, and finally executed him, thus reporting to his younger son Xiaoju. Lushi's revenge.

The news spread to Agsilius’ army, and the mercenaries who had experienced the "Ten Thousand Retreat" cheered and thunderous. Xenophon also wrote a letter to Daves in Turei about this. , To express his joy in his heart and his admiration for Spartan King Agsilius.

Agsilius’ military operations in Asia Minor put a lot of pressure on Persia, and the Persian king had to mobilize troops from other regions to deal with Spartan’s offensive. As a result, the defense of other regions was empty. . In the province of Egypt, the farthest from the Persian mainland, the Egyptians who had been rebelling against Persian rule finally seized this opportunity and rebelled under the leadership of Akoris, successfully driving out the Persians, achieving independence and rebuilding Kingdom of Egypt, and Akoris also became the new pharaoh (this is the 29th dynasty in the history of ancient Egypt).

In order to retake Egypt, Persia sent envoys to Argsilus several times in 395 BC to make peace agreements, but Agsilius rejected the Persians’ request for peace. Persian King Artaxerxes saw that However, the Spartans had no intention of withdrawing troops from Asia Minor. On the contrary, Agcilius’ ultimate goal was himself, so he was angry that he sent people to Greece on the advice of the minister, and began to confront Thebes, Corinth, Argos, etc. The generals and parliamentarians of the city-states that were not in harmony with Spartans made large amounts of money bribes, and only one condition was that they had to go to war against the Spartans.

The answers of these city-states are similar: even without the money, they are eager to go to war, because the Spartans are too domineering, not only do not respect them, but also repeatedly damage the interests of their city-states!

Under the influence of the Persian messengers, these city-states began to quietly negotiate for alliances. Among them, the Thebans were the most active in declaring war on Sparta. They began to provoke their ally Rocris to Spartan’s ally. The Keith clashes. When the Phokes finally invaded Rocris, the Thebes declared that the Phokes had invaded their allies, and in order to protect the allies, they declared war on the Phokes.

So Thebes summoned an army to invade Phocis's territory, and the weak Phocis had to ask Sparta for help. Although Fuchs is small, it is an important city-state in the Delphi area, which is conducive to the Spartans' intervention in the religious affairs of Delphi. The Spartans also despise Thebes and destroy their pre-Persian expedition. The memory of the temple worship was still fresh, so I was very happy to find a reason for attacking Thebes, and immediately decided to punish Thebes for his insolence and rudeness to Sparta.

So the Spartan army invaded Thebes in two ways. One route was led by another Spartan king, Pausanias, to advance north, and the other route was sent by the Council of Elders to Fokies, who had already returned to Sparta, to organize a local coalition to attack Deby. S. Lysander quickly completed the task brilliantly, and also instigated the Okomenus people in the Piotja area.

Facing the powerful threat of Sparta, Thebes turned to the nearest power, Athens, for help.

After the Athenians experienced a series of ordeals such as the failure of the Peloponnesian War, the dark rule of the "Thirty Tyrants", and the restoration of the democrats, they faded away from the arrogance of the past and adopted a moderate system in the country. Reconciling the differences between the democrats and the aristocracy, and treating the past allies as equals to the outside world. Under this steady and pragmatic policy, after nearly ten years, the strength of Athens is rapidly recovering. With strength, Athens wanted to get rid of the control of Sparta and gain true freedom in military and commerce.

So after receiving Debes' request for help, Athens held a citizens' assembly. At the conference, the vast majority of citizens voted for: ally with the former mortal enemy Thebes and go to war with Sparta.

Finally, the leader of the democratic faction Serasibulus, who led the rebels to fight hard and finally overthrew the rule of the "Thirty Tyrants" and brought Athens back to life, notified the Athenian's resolution to the messenger of Thebes, and said firmly: "...Although the port of Piraeus does not yet have a city wall, we Athenians will bravely face the danger and face the brutal Spartans side by side with you Thebes!"

The Thebes were moved. The two city-states that had been feuding for decades quickly concluded a covenant, proclaiming: Thebes and Athens have formed a permanent alliance.

At this moment, the troops led by Lysander and Pausanias approached the Piotia area from north to south, and they agreed to join forces near the city of Halyatus, an ally in the south of Thebes.

However, after Lysander arrived, Pausanias' army was still missing. Lysander tried to persuade the Halyatus to rebel from Thebes.

The Halyatus pretended to agree, secretly delaying time. When the Thebes' reinforcements arrived, they suddenly left the city and flanked Leshande's forces back and forth with Thebes army.

As the founder of Spartan hegemony, Lysander died unexpectedly in this sudden battle, but in the following war, the Thebes failed to completely defeat the remnant who lost their leader. The army suffered heavy losses.

On the second day, Paulsonias led the team to come.

The Thebes saw that the Spartans were numerous and powerful, and their military appearance was neat, and their morale was immediately low.

But Pausanias did not immediately lead his army to attack, instead set up camp nearby.

On the third day, reinforcements from Athens arrived.

The Thebes immediately became more confident. They lined up with the Athenians to prepare to face the Spartans.

Paul Sanias did not immediately lead his army to approach the coalition, nor did he accept the enemy's challenge. Instead, he recruited his team officers to discuss: Is it to start war immediately or sign a truce? In order to facilitate them to recover the bodies of Lysander and other soldiers.

In the end the Spartans decided to truce.

After negotiation between the two parties, the Spartan army evacuated Piosha with the bodies of their comrades.

The ordinary citizens of Sparta were extremely sad when they saw Lysander’s body. They recalled Lysander’s great contribution to Sparta, turned their grief into anger, and accused Spartan King Pausanias of deliberate delay. The time to reunite, the killing of Lysander, and the crime of retreating without fighting.

The elders of the Council of Elders did not fully defend the King of Sparta, because the death of Lysander and the retreat of Sparta had a huge impact, which directly led to the conclusion of four important Greek city-states. In the Anti-Spartan League, they are: Thebes, Athens, Corinth, and Argos.

So, the king of Sparta, Pausanias, was found guilty and was banished.

The Spartans realized that this anti-Spartan alliance was extremely harmful to Spartan's hegemony, and they quickly summoned an army in an attempt to destroy the alliance.

The Anti-Spartan Alliance also quickly assembled its troops on the Isthmus of Corinth, hoping to resist the Spartan attack, and then counterattack into the Spartan territory and completely burn down the "hornet's lair."

So the two sides started a protracted battle on the Isthmus of Corinth...

………………………

In the same year, there was also a war in Sicily.

The fighting between the armies of Syracuse and Carthage on the north coast of Sicily has been going on for more than half a year.

When time entered 494 BC, important countries and city-states in the Mediterranean were all caught in the quagmire of war, while Great Greece had enjoyed peace for more than three years.

Early in the morning, Lycasus came to the clinic to clean and organize things. As a physician apprentice, it is his job to prepare every day before the appointment. He firmly believes that hard work can win the trust of the teacher and learn the real medical skills. Today, he is in a particularly good mood because he wants to accompany the teacher out. Travel far.

When the doctor Nicostratus came to the clinic slowly, Lycasus had already packed the parcel. Nicostratus, who had never liked to worry about trivial matters, only asked: "Bring everything. Up?"

After receiving a positive answer from Lycasus, he nodded and said, "Let's go."